علائق الفقيه والسلطان

شارك الموضوع :

عندما قامت الدولتان العثمانية ثم الصفوية; كانت الأمة الإسلامية قد عاشت تجربة ثقافية وسياسية طولها زهاء السبعة قرون. ومن هنا فإن الجديد لدي ا

????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????; ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ????? – ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? (??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????: ?????? ????). ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????. ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? “????” (??????? ????????? ????) ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????????, ???????? ??????? ??? ????????. ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????/?????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????, ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????. ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????????; ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????. ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????, ?????? ???? ????????; ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? (???? ????? ???????? / ? 450 ??) ??? ???????? “????? ???????” ?? ????? ??????; ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????.

?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? “?????” ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? “????? ???????” ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??????; ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????, ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????.

???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????, ???????? ?? ??????? (??? ?????? ???????) ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????.

??? ?? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????. ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????; ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? “????? ??????” ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?????????; ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????; ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???. ???; ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??????/?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????; ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????, ??????? ????????? ?? ?????. ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????????????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????; ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????, ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????.

????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? (???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???) ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??. ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????. ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? (?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????); ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ((????? ??????)) (=????? ???????) ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???; ??? ????? ?????????? ((?????)) ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???: ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????; ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???.

???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???; ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????. ????? ????? ????? ??? ((??? ??? ????????)) ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????; ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????????: ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???; ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????: ??????? ??? ??????? ????????.

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????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????; ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????: ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????????.

???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???; ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????, ????? ??? ?? ???????, ??? ???? ???????, ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? – ??? ???? – ??????? ??? ?????? ((????)) ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????: ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????. ????????? ?? ??? ?? ????? “????? ??????” ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???. ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????. ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? (??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????), ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? (??? ?? ????? ??? ????????). ?? ??? ????????? (- 403 ??) ???????? (????? ????? ?????? ?????) ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????. ????? ??? ???????? (-450???) , ???????? (- 478 ???), ??? ??? ??, ???????? (- 505 ???) ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????; ?? ???? ???? ?????????. ??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? (?????????) ????? ?????????; ?????? ?? ????? ?????; ???? ?????; ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ??? ???????; ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ?????????/??????? ??? ?????? ???????; ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????. ????? ???! ??? ????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ??????? ????????: ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????. ???? ????? ??????; ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????; ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????; ?? ???? ??? ??????: ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????; ???? ???????; ?? ??????? ????????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?????? ???? ???? ?????; ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????; ?????? ??????; ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????; ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????: ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????, ?????? ?????. ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????: ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ((?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????)): ????? ?????? ?? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ????? ?????: ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????; ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????. ???? ???? ??????; ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????????; ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ???????????; ?? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ((????? ??????)) ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ??????????. ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? . ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????, ????????? ??????; ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????.

???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? 1989 ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? 1990 ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? 2001? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? “??????? ?????? ??????”? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????.

?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????? (?????? ?? ?????) ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? (????? ??????) ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? – ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? “??????? ?????????”? ??? “??????? ??????????”? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? “????? ???????” ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? “????” ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? “?????”.

??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? “????? ???????”? ?? ??? ????? 1924 ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? “???????” ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? (??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????) ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? “?????? ?????? ?????? ??????”.

???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? “?????????” ?? ????? ??????????? – ??????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? “?????” ??????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????: ????? “?????” ???? ????? ???? (??? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????????) ?????? “????????” ???? ???? ???? ??????.

?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? “??????? ?????? ??????”? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????

???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? (????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????)? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? “??????? ????????”? ??? ????? ??? ?? “??????” ?????? ?? “????? ??????” ?????? ?? “??????? ????????” ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? “??????? ??????”. ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? (?? ???? ??????)? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? “???? ??????” ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? (?? ??? ?????)? ??? ???? ??? “??????” ?????? “????????” ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????????: ????? “????? ????” ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? “?????” ??????? ??????. ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? “???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????”? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? “????? ??????” ?? “??????? ?????????”.

?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? – ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? (?? ??????) ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? “??????? ??????” ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ???? “?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? (…) ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????”. ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? (??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????).

???? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? (????? ??????? ?? ???????) ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????. ???? ?????????? (? 548 ??) ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? “????? ??????”? ????? “?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????”. ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????. ???? ?? ????? 1995? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?????????? (?????/??? ????) ?? ???: “… ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? – ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? – ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????. ??? ????? ???? “??? ????” ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????? “???? ???????” ?? “??????? ?????????” (??? ???? ??????) ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????. ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???????. ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? – ????? ?????? – ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? (???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????…) ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? – ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? “???????” ?”????????” ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?”??????? ????????? ??????????” ??? ????…”.

?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? (???? ?????) (??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????): “????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????”. ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? – ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? “??????? ????????” ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? “????? ???????” ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? “?????” ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? “????? ?????” ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? “?????” ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? “????? ?????????” ?? ????? “?????????” ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????.

?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? 1924? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????. ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?”????????” ?”??????” (???? ??? ???????) ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? – ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???. ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? “???? ???????” ?? ????? ???????? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? 1923 ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????. ????????? ???:

– ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? (Sèvres) ???? ???? ?????? “??????? – ???????” ??? ?????? ???????? ????? – ???? ?? ???? ?????.

– ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? 1922? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (????? ?????)? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? “?????? ?????????”? ???? “???? ???????”.

??? ??? ????? ????? (???????? ???????????)? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? “??????” ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????:

– ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????.

– ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? (???????? ???????).

– ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????.

????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? “?????? ????????” ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????.

شارك الموضوع :

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التعليقات

يهتم المركز بدراسة ونشر الفكر الاسلامي المعاصر من خلال القرآن الكريم وسنة الرسول الاعظم (ص) واهل بيته الاطهار عليهم السلام، ومن خلال إستشراف المشروع الحضاري للامام محمد الحسيني الشيرازي (قدس سره) الهادف الى الاجابة على مختلف الاشكالات الفقهية والعقائدية والفكرية وانقاذ الامة الاسلامية والعالم أجمع من التخلف والتبعية وويلات الحروب, والنهوض بواقع البشرية من خلال تسليط الاضواء على النظام الاجتماعي للاسلام وفلسفته في وضع السياسات والحلول للتعامل مع كافة المشاكل والمواقف والاحداث على مستوى العالم, وعبر كافة المراحل التاريخية لتطور البشرية.
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